1. Introduction
2. Floating Point
3. Dot Product: An Accuracy Example
4. CUDA and Floating Point
5. Considerations for a Heterogeneous World
6. Concrete Recommendations
7. Acknowledgements
8. References
9. Notices
Floating Point and IEEE 754
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Contents
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Contents
White paper covering the most common issues related to NVIDIA GPUs.
1. Introduction
2. Floating Point
2.1. Formats
2.2. Operations and Accuracy
2.3. The Fused Multiply-Add (FMA)
3. Dot Product: An Accuracy Example
3.1. Example Algorithms
3.2. Comparison
4. CUDA and Floating Point
4.1. Compute Capability 2.0 and Above
4.2. Rounding Modes
4.3. Controlling Fused Multiply-add
4.4. Compiler Flags
4.5. Differences from x86
5. Considerations for a Heterogeneous World
5.1. Mathematical Function Accuracy
5.2. x87 and SSE
5.3. Core Counts
5.4. Verifying GPU Results
6. Concrete Recommendations
7. Acknowledgements
8. References
9. Notices
9.1. Notice
9.2. OpenCL
9.3. Trademarks