Basic BGP Configuration
This section describes how to configure BGP using either BGP numbered or BGP unnumbered. With BGP unnumbered, you can set up BGP peering between your Cumulus Linux switches and exchange IPv4 prefixes without having to configure an IPv4 address on each switch.
BGP unnumbered simplifies configuration and is recommended for data center deployments.
BGP Numbered
To configure BGP numbered on a BGP node, you need to:
- Assign an ASN to identify this BGP node. In a two-tier leaf and spine configuration, you can use auto BGP, where Cumulus Linux assigns an ASN automatically.
- Assign a router ID, which is a 32-bit value and is typically the address of the loopback interface on the switch.
- Specify where to distribute routing information by providing the IP address and ASN of the neighbor.
- For BGP numbered, this is the IP address of the interface between the two peers; the interface must be a layer 3 access port.
- The ASN can be a number, or
internal
for a neighbor in the same AS orexternal
for a neighbor in a different AS.
- Specify which prefixes to originate from this BGP node.
When you commit a change that configures a new routing service such as BGP, the FRR daemon restarts and might interrupt network operations for other configured routing services.
Identify the BGP node by assigning an ASN.
To assign an ASN manually:
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp autonomous-system 65101
To use auto BGP to assign an ASN automatically on the leaf:
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp auto leaf
The auto BGP
leaf
keyword is only used to configure the ASN. The configuration files andnet show
commands display the AS number.
Assign the router ID.
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp router-id 10.10.10.1
Specify the BGP neighbor to which you want to distribute routing information.
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp neighbor 10.0.1.0 remote-as external
For BGP to advertise IPv6 prefixes, you need to run an additional command to activate the BGP neighbor under the IPv6 address family. The IPv4 address family is enabled by default and the
activate
command is not required for IPv4 route exchange.cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp neighbor 2001:db8:0002::0a00:0002 remote-as external cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp ipv6 unicast neighbor 2001:db8:0002::0a00:0002 activate
For BGP to advertise IPv4 prefixes with IPv6 next hops, see Advertise IPv4 Prefixes with IPv6 Next Hops.
Specify which prefixes to originate:
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp ipv4 unicast network 10.10.10.1/32 cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp ipv4 unicast network 10.1.10.0/24 cumulus@leaf01:~$ net pending cumulus@leaf01:~$ net commit
IPv6 prefix example:
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp ipv6 unicast network 2001:db8::1/128 cumulus@leaf01:~$ net pending cumulus@leaf01:~$ net commit
Identify the BGP node by assigning an ASN.
To assign an ASN manually:
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp autonomous-system 65199
To use auto BGP to assign an ASN automatically on the spine:
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp auto spine
The auto BGP
spine
keyword is only used to configure the ASN. The configuration files andnet show
commands display the AS number.
Assign the router ID.
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp router-id 10.10.10.101
Specify the BGP neighbor to which you want to distribute routing information.
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp neighbor 10.0.1.1 remote-as external
For BGP to advertise IPv6 prefixes, you need to run an additional command to activate the BGP neighbor under the IPv6 address family. The IPv4 address family is enabled by default and the
activate
command is not required for IPv4 route exchange.cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp neighbor 2001:db8:0002::0a00:1 remote-as external cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp ipv6 unicast neighbor 2001:db8:0002::0a00:1 activate
For BGP to advertise IPv4 prefixes with IPv6 next hops, see Advertise IPv4 Prefixes with IPv6 Next Hops.
Specify which prefixes to originate:
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp ipv4 unicast network 10.10.10.101/32 cumulus@spine01:~$ net pending cumulus@spine01:~$ net commit
IPv6 prefix example:
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp ipv6 unicast network 2001:db8::101/128 cumulus@spine01:~$ net pending cumulus@spine01:~$ net commit
Enable the
bgpd
daemon as described in Configure FRRouting.Identify the BGP node by assigning an ASN and the router ID:
cumulus@leaf01:~$ sudo vtysh
leaf01# configure terminal leaf01(config)# router bgp 65101 leaf01(config-router)# bgp router-id 10.10.10.1
Specify where to distribute routing information:
leaf01(config-router)# neighbor 10.0.1.0 remote-as external
For BGP to advertise IPv6 prefixes, you need to run an additional command to activate the BGP neighbor under the IPv6 address family. The IPv4 address family is enabled by default and the
activate
command is not required for IPv4 route exchange.leaf01(config-router)# neighbor 2001:db8:0002::0a00:1 remote-as external leaf01(config-router)# address-family ipv6 unicast leaf01(config-router-af)# neighbor 2001:db8:0002::0a00:1 activate
For BGP to advertise IPv4 prefixes with IPv6 next hops, see Advertise IPv4 Prefixes with IPv6 Next Hops.
Specify which prefixes to originate:
leaf01(config-router)# address-family ipv4 leaf01(config-router-af)# network 10.10.10.1/32 leaf01(config-router-af)# network 10.1.10.0/24 leaf01(config-router-af)# end leaf01# write memory leaf01# exit cumulus@leaf01:~$
IPv6 prefix example:
leaf01(config-router)# address-family ipv6 leaf01(config-router-af)# network 2001:db8::1/128 leaf01(config-router-af)# end leaf01# write memory leaf01# exit cumulus@leaf01:~$
Enable the
bgpd
daemon as described in Configure FRRouting.Identify the BGP node by assigning an ASN and the router ID:
cumulus@spine01:~$ sudo vtysh
spine01# configure terminal spine01(config)# router bgp 65199 spine01(config-router)# bgp router-id 10.10.10.101
Specify where to distribute routing information:
spine01(config-router)# neighbor 10.0.1.1 remote-as external
For BGP to advertise IPv6 prefixes, you need to run an additional command to activate the BGP neighbor under the IPv6 address family. The IPv4 address family is enabled by default and the
activate
command is not required for IPv4 route exchange.spine01(config-router)# neighbor 2001:db8:0002::0a00:0002 remote-as external spine01(config-router)# address-family ipv6 unicast spine01(config-router-af)# neighbor 2001:db8:0002::0a00:0002 activate
For BGP to advertise IPv4 prefixes with IPv6 next hops, see Advertise IPv4 Prefixes with IPv6 Next Hops.
Specify which prefixes to originate:
spine01(config-router)# address-family ipv4 spine01(config-router-af)# network 10.10.10.101/32 spine01(config-router-af)# end spine01# write memory spine01# exit cumulus@spine01:~$
IPv6 prefixes:
spine01(config-router)# address-family ipv4 spine01(config-router-af)# network 2001:db8::101/128 spine01(config-router-af)# end spine01# write memory spine01# exit cumulus@spine01:~$
The NCLU and vtysh
commands save the configuration in the /etc/frr/frr.conf
file. For example:
cumulus@leaf01:~$ sudo cat /etc/frr/frr.conf
...
router bgp 65101
bgp router-id 10.10.10.1
neighbor 10.0.1.0 remote-as external
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
network 10.10.10.1/32
network 10.1.10.0/24
exit-address-family
...
cumulus@spine01:~$ sudo cat /etc/frr/frr.conf
...
router bgp 65199
bgp router-id 10.10.10.101
neighbor 10.0.1.1 remote-as external
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
network 10.10.10.101/32
exit-address-family
...
When using auto BGP, there are no references to leaf
or spine
in the configurations. Auto BGP determines the ASN for the system and configures it using standard vtysh commands.
BGP Unnumbered
The following example commands show a basic BGP unnumbered configuration for two switches, leaf01 and spine01, which are eBGP peers.
The only difference between a BGP unnumbered configuration and the BGP numbered configuration shown above is that the BGP neighbor is specified as an interface (insead of an IP address). The interface between the two peers does not need to have an IP address configured on each side.
When you commit a change that configures a new routing service such as BGP, the FRR daemon restarts and might interrupt network operations for other configured routing services.
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp autonomous-system 65101
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp router-id 10.10.10.1
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp neighbor swp51 remote-as external
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp ipv4 unicast network 10.10.10.1/32
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp ipv4 unicast network 10.1.10.0/24
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net pending
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net commit
For BGP to advertise IPv6 prefixes, you need to run an additional command to activate the BGP neighbor under the IPv6 address family. The IPv4 address family is enabled by default and the activate
command is not required for IPv4 route exchange.
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp autonomous-system 65101
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp router-id 10.10.10.1
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp neighbor swp51 remote-as external
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp ipv6 unicast neighbor swp51 activate
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net add bgp ipv6 unicast network 2001:db8::1/128
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net pending
cumulus@leaf01:~$ net commit
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp autonomous-system 65199
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp router-id 10.10.10.101
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp neighbor swp1 remote-as external
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp ipv4 unicast network 10.10.10.101/32
cumulus@spine01:~$ net pending
cumulus@spine01:~$ net commit
For BGP to advertise IPv6 prefixes, you need to run an additional command to activate the BGP neighbor under the IPv6 address family. The IPv4 address family is enabled by default and the activate
command is not required for IPv4 route exchange.
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp autonomous-system 65199
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp router-id 10.10.10.101
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp neighbor swp1 remote-as external
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp ipv6 unicast neighbor swp1 activate
cumulus@spine01:~$ net add bgp ipv6 unicast network 2001:db8::101/128
cumulus@spine01:~$ net pending
cumulus@spine01:~$ net commit
cumulus@leaf01:~$ sudo vtysh
leaf01# configure terminal
leaf01(config)# router bgp 65101
leaf01(config-router)# bgp router-id 10.10.10.1
leaf01(config-router)# neighbor swp1 remote-as external
leaf01(config-router)# address-family ipv4
leaf01(config-router-af)# network 10.10.10.1/32
leaf01(config-router-af)# network 10.1.10.0/24
leaf01(config-router-af)# end
leaf01# write memory
leaf01# exit
cumulus@leaf01:~$
For BGP to advertise IPv6 prefixes, you need to run an additional command to activate the BGP neighbor under the IPv6 address family. The IPv4 address family is enabled by default and the activate
command is not required for IPv4 route exchange.
cumulus@leaf01:~$ sudo vtysh
leaf01# configure terminal
leaf01(config)# router bgp 65101
leaf01(config-router)# bgp router-id 10.10.10.1
leaf01(config-router)# neighbor swp51 remote-as external
leaf01(config-router)# address-family ipv6 unicast
leaf01(config-router-af)# neighbor swp51 activate
leaf01(config-router-af)# network 2001:db8::1/128
leaf01(config-router-af)# end
leaf01# write memory
leaf01# exit
cumulus@leaf01:~$
cumulus@spine01:~$ sudo vtysh
spine01# configure terminal
spine01(config)# router bgp 65199
spine01(config-router)# bgp router-id 10.10.10.101
spine01(config-router)# neighbor swp1 remote-as external
spine01(config-router)# address-family ipv4
spine01(config-router-af)# network 10.10.10.101/32
spine01(config-router-af)# end
spine01# write memory
spine01# exit
cumulus@spine01:~$
For BGP to advertise IPv6 prefixes, you need to run an additional command to activate the BGP neighbor under the IPv6 address family. The IPv4 address family is enabled by default and the activate
command is not required for IPv4 route exchange.
cumulus@spine01:~$ sudo vtysh
spine01# configure terminal
spine01(config)# router bgp 65199
spine01(config-router)# bgp router-id 10.10.10.101
spine01(config-router)# neighbor swp1 remote-as external
spine01(config-router)# address-family ipv6 unicast
spine01(config-router-af)# neighbor swp1 activate
spine01(config-router-af)# network 2001:db8::101/128
spine01(config-router-af)# end
spine01# write memory
spine01# exit
cumulus@spine01:~$
The NCLU and vtysh commands save the configuration in the /etc/frr/frr.conf
file. For example:
cumulus@leaf01:~$ sudo cat /etc/frr/frr.conf
...
router bgp 65101
bgp router-id 10.10.10.1
neighbor swp51 interface
neighbor swp51 remote-as external
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
network 10.10.10.1/32
network 10.1.10.0/24
exit-address-family
...
cumulus@spine01:~$ sudo cat /etc/frr/frr.conf
...
router bgp 65199
bgp router-id 10.10.10.101
neighbor swp1 interface
neighbor swp1 remote-as external
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
network 10.10.10.101/32
exit-address-family
...