NVIDIA Tegra
NVIDIA DRIVE 5.0 Foundation SDK

Development Guide
5.0.10.3 Release


 
Flashing the Board
 
Bootburn
More Information
Flashing DRIVE PX 2
The Encrypted User Data Partition
This topic contains instructions for using the Bootburn utility to flash NVIDIA® Tegra® boards with the boot loader, kernel, and file system.
Bootburn
 
Bootburn Command Usage
Bootburn Options
Bootburn is a shell script that:
Boots the device in the recovery-mode with RAMDisk.
Signs or generates the images on the host.
Transfers the images to target using ADB.
Flashes the boards.
Bootburn automatically resizes the rootfs image on the target to optimize the available storage on the partition dedicated to it, either on eMMC or NOR.
Bootburn supports a host NFS share as the mount point for the target rootfs. This feature provides a convenient way for developers to copy files between the target and host for rapid development. In this case, the uncompressed target rootfs directory on the host is leveraged directly by the target.
Bootburn relies on the Foundation SDK 5.0 Foundation layer to provide the flashing and boot loader functionality. You configure it with the CFG file rather than with Bootburn command-line parameters; Bootburn supports limited command line options.
For more information:
Bootburn Command Usage
Run the bootburn.sh script from a shell on your host Linux system:
./bootburn.sh <options>
Bootburn Options
The following table describes the supported options.
Options
Description
-a
Flashes Android images.
-b <p3407-t186|p2379c01-t186a|p2379c01-t186b>
Provides the board name and revision. Flashes QNX IFS. See Section 1.0 of the Release Notes for your release to confirm your board and revision information.
-d <partition_name> <dtb_file>
Specifies the DTB file to flash and the target partition. The default file is defined in BoardSetFilePathsAndDefaultValues.
bpmp-fw-dtb and kernel-dtb may be specified simultaneously.
Note: This option is not intended to specify kernel-dtb in Hypervisor.
-e <emulation_target>
Specifies the target board for emulation. Valid emulation targets are: reilly, ohara-gfx, ohara-compute, drew-gfx, and drew-compute.
-h
Provides guidance on the actions and options of bootburn.
-l
Flashes Linux images.
-o
Skips flashing of recovery partitions.
-p <key_file_path>
(lower-case p)
Signs the boot loader, secure OS (TOS), kernel and BCT binary, then flashes the device. <key_file_path> must be the full pathname of the key_file.
-q
Flashes QNX images.
-s
(lower-case s)
Skips flashing the file system.
Use the -s flag only when the target file system is already flashed.
-t <output_directory>
Specifies the output directory where images to be flashed onto the target are to be stored. The default directory is named _temp_dump, and is present in the flashing directory.
-u <partition_name1> <partition_name2> …
(lower-case u)
Updates the partition name(s) and does not write anything else. Partitions bct, mb1-bootloader (-r), and pt cannot be updated using this option.
A guest partition’s partition name includes a prefix that indicates the guest ID, e.g. the kernel DTB partition of guest 1 is 1_kernel-dtb.
To update a rebuilt kernel, use this option instead of the default bootburn command, which updates all the partitions of the boot medium (NOR):
1. Back up the original kernel binaries’ Image and zImage files.
2. Copy the updated Image and zImage files to the directory:
<top>/drive-t186ref-linux/kernel-rt_patches
3. Enter this command to update the partition:
./bootburn.sh -b <p3407-t186|p2379c01-t186a|p2379c01-t186b> -u kernel
4. To identify the partition name, consult the configuration file used for flashing.
-x <aurix_port>
Specify the AURIX port for putting the Tegra devices in recovery and booting them after successfully flashing them. Valid only for NVIDIA DRIVE PX 2 systems. For example:
-x /dev/ttyUSB1
-z <board_info>-
Provides the board information options, which include:
--skunum: Specifies the board SKU_Info, such as: 699-62382-0010-100. The label on your board provides the value to use. SKU_Info is mandatory for the -z option.
--setskuversion: Specifies AB. The label on your board provides the value to use. AB is mandatory for the -z option.
--setprodinfo: For example, 600-62379-0100-100 AB. This option is equivalent to --skunum and --setskuversion.
--setboardserial: Specifies the five-digit serial number.
--setmacid mac0 <0xaabbccddeeff>: Specifies a 6‑byte hexadecimal serial number. Make sure when using the --setmacid option to give every device a unique MAC ID.
The -z sub-options are enclosed in quotes, and must include --skunum and --setskuversion. The other sub-options are optional. If they are provided, they are are stored on the target.
For example:
-z "--skunum 699-62382-0010-100 --setskuversion AB --setprodinfo 699-62382-0010-100 AB --setboardserial 00250 --setmacid mac0 0x00504b94df"
-B <boot_device>
Specifies the boot device, which must be either qspi (the default) or emmc.
-C
 
(upper-case C)
Specifies use of debug binaries for the boot loader.
-D
Directs bootburn debug output to stdout along with the tool’s regular output. If -D is not specified, debug output goes to a temporary file.
-E
Enables DRAM ECC.
-G
Flashes Integrity images.
-H
Flashes the Hypervisor image (the default).
-I <bus_id> <device_id>
Flashes a specific Tegra device when multiple devices are in recovery.
To get the bus and device ID of each Tegra device in recovery, enter the lsusb command on the host. For example, if lsusb gives the following output:
Bus 003 Device 105: ID 0955:7018 NVidia Corp.
Bus 003 Device 104: ID 0955:7018 NVidia Corp.
Then flash the second Tegra device with the -I option as in this example:
-I 003 104
-L
Enables low power modes. This option requires that the spe-fw and WB0 firmware packages be included in the bootburn configuration because low-power modes require them.
-M
Specifies development version firmware.
-R
Specifies RCM boot support, where the device boots without being flashed. When the target is in recovery mode, this option causes the flashing script to download all binaries, other than BCT, from the host. The target then reads the BCT from storage and other binaries from RAM. It boots the kernel directly on RAM.
This option is much faster than when flashing also occurs. It is especially useful during debugging.
 
Use the -R flag to initiate RCMBOOT with any of the commands mentioned in this table.
-S
(upper case S)
Skips confirmation prompts from bootburn, as if “y” is selected for each prompt.
-T
Enables tracing. Tracing logs are stored under the bootburn directory as log_trace*.txt.
-V
(upper case V)
Specifies read-back verification, where the binary images are read back (after writing) from the target’s storage and compared with the original binary images. The two sets of images are compared to detect discrepancies.
More Information
 
Getting Help
Passing Additional Kernel Parameters
Updating the Path for the targetfs
Configuring Hypervisor-Linux to Boot Using rootfs Over NFS
Note:
Prior to executing bootburn.sh first move to its location with the following command:
cd drive-5.0-foundation/tools/host/flashtools/bootburn
The following list provides additional information on using bootburn options.
Getting Help
For help on the Bootburn CFG file syntax, execute:
./bootburn.sh -h
Passing Additional Kernel Parameters
To pass additional kernel parameters, modify the os_args parameter of the kernel-dtb and kernel-dtb-r partitions in this file.
For Linux:
drive-t186ref-foundation/virtualization/pct/<platform>/linux/linux_storage.cfg
For QNX:
drive-t186ref-foundation/virtualization/pct/<platform>/qnx/qnx_storage.cfg
Where <platform> is:
For DRIVE™ PX 2 ACr (P3407): p3407-t186
For DRIVE PX 2 ACh (P2379) Tegra A: p2379c01-t186a
For DRIVE PX 2 ACh (P2379) Tegra B: p2379c01-t186b
To bind:
For Linux:
cd <top>/drive-t186ref-foundation
make -f Makefile.bind PCT=linux BOARD=<platform>
For QNX:
cd <top>/drive-t186ref-foundation
make -f Makefile.bind PCT=qnx BOARD=<platform>
To flash all images for either Linux or QNX:
cd <top>/drive-t186ref-foundation/tools/host/flashtools/bootburn
./bootburn.sh -b <platform>
To flash kernel-dtb only:
cd <top>/drive-t186ref-foundation/tools/host/flashtools/bootburn
./bootburn.sh -b <platform> -u 1_kernel-dtb
Updating the Path for the targetfs
To update the path for the targetfs, modify the dirname parameter of the FS partition in:
drive-t186ref-foundation/tools/host/flashtools/bootburn/quickboot_qspi_linux[_intramfs].cfg
Applies to: This step applies to the CFG file used for eMMC boot, i.e., modify dirname in the file that does not have _initramfs in its filename.
Configuring Hypervisor-Linux to Boot Using rootfs Over NFS
For guidance on configuring Hypervisor-Linux to boot using rootfs over NFS, refer to the _initramfs version of:
drive-t186ref-foundation/tools/host/flashtools/bootburn/quickboot_qspi_linux[_intramfs].cfg
Make similar changes in the storage CFG at:
drive-t186ref-foundation/virtualization/pct/<platform>/linux/linux_storage.cfg
Where <platform> is:
For DRIVE™ PX 2 ACr (P3407): p3407-t186
For DRIVE™ PX 2 ACh (P2379) Tegra A: p2379c01-t186a
 
Note:
When Ubuntu 14.04 or 16.04 LTS is used for the host PC for flashing, when DRIVE PX 2 is placed in recovery mode and flashed messages similar to the following appear:
Unable to mount FunctionFS gadget (adb)
Unable to open MTP device '[usb:001,050]'
This is due to gvfs-mtp-volume-monitor server trying to mount the ADB device using the MTP protocol. Since MTP is not used for flashing, this message can be ignored.
Issue the following command to kill the server to prevent the popup from occuring again:
sudo killall gvfs-mtp-volume-monitor
Flashing DRIVE PX 2
This topic explains how to flash DRIVE PX 2. The procedures in this topic use the AURIX serial console to interface with the Infineon AURIX 32-bit TriCore microcontroller.
This SDK includes Elektrobit tresos, which in turn includes the Infineon AURIX 32-bit TriCore microcontroller. For more information about the tresos software suite, see:
https://www.elektrobit.com/products/ecu/eb-tresos/eb-tresos-solution-nvidia-drive-px/
 
Note:
Prior ADB configurations (e.g., ADB server running, ADB aliases with paths) may interfere with the Bootburn shell and cause it to fail with USB errors. Running bootburn.sh with bash -x reveals these issues.
Prerequisites
After you have successfully installed the software, the following directories are created:
<top>/toolchains
<top>/drive-t186ref-foundation
<top>/drive-t186ref-linux
You have set up your platform, including connecting the harness, both recovery USB cables, serial console cables, and all other required devices.
You have placed the device in recovery mode.
You have configured the port and baudrate of a serial controller, such as Minicom.
To flash Hypervisor with a single OS configuration with a new image
1. Prepare a foundation boot image by executing the following commands:
cd <top>/drive-t186ref-foundation
make -f Makefile.bind BOARD=<platform> PCT=linux
Where <platform> is:
For DRIVE™ PX 2 ACr (P3407): p3407-t186
For DRIVE™ PX 2 ACh (P2379) Tegra A: p2379c01-t186a
For DRIVE PX 2 ACh (P2379) Tegra B: p2379c01-t186b
2. Connect the USB A cable to DRIVE PX 2.
If no other USB/Serial adapters are connected to the host, the ttyUSB port is as follows:
AURIX UART: /dev/ttyUSB1
Tegra A (or P3407 Tegra) UART: /dev/ttyUSB2
Tegra B UART: /dev/ttyUSB6
Tegra A (or P3407 Tegra) USB for flash
Tegra B USB for flash
If other USB serial adapters are already in use, the host takes relative numbering.
3. Use the AURIX serial console to put the Tegra devices into Recovery mode for flashing.
Follow the steps in “Placing DRIVE PX 2 into Force Recovery Mode” in the Linux SDK 5.0 Development Guide.
4. On the host system, verify that Tegra is in recovery mode using the following lsusb command to display the NVIDIA device.
lsusb | grep -i nvidia
Bus 001 Device 006: ID 0955:7721 Nvidia Corp
5. Program the boot image and partition by running:
cd <top>/drive-t186ref-foundation/tools/host/flashtools/bootburn
./bootburn.sh -b <platform>
Where t186ref is:
For DRIVE™ PX 2 ACr (P3407): p3407-t186
For DRIVE™ PX 2 ACh (P2379) Tegra A: p2379c01-t186a
For DRIVE PX 2 ACh (P2379) Tegra B: p2379c01-t186b
6. Once flashing is complete, exit recovery mode and reboot DRIVE PX 2 from the Aurix console as follows.
tegrarecovery <device> off
tegrareset <device>
Where <device> is:
For DRIVE PX 2 ACr (P3407): not needed
For DRIVE PX 2 ACh (P2379) Tegra A: a
For DRIVE PX 2 ACh (P2379) Tegra B: b
Flash both DRIVE PX 2 ACh Tegra devices in parallel
For DRIVE™ PX 2 ACh (P2379), both Tegra devices can be flashed in parallel, using this procedure. The procedure also eliminates the need to put the Tegra processor(s) in recovery.
1. Determine the serial port of the AURIX port on your host.
2. Close the AURIX console and make sure no other process is accessing it.
3. Flash both DRIVE PX 2 Tegra devices in parallel with the following command (where AURIX enumerates at /dev/ttyUSB1):
./bootburn.sh -b <platform> -x /dev/ttyUSB1 <other_options_and_parameters>
Where <platform> is:
p2379-t186 to flash Tegra A and B simultaneously
p2379-t186a to flash Tegra A only
p2379-t186b to flash Tegra B only
The Encrypted User Data Partition
 
Enabling the Encrypted Partition on Ubuntu
The encrypted user data partition is disabled by default. The following instructions describe how to enable the encrypted file system.
Enabling the Encrypted Partition on Ubuntu
By default, the encrypted user data partition is disabled. This topic explains how to enable it on Ubuntu root file systems. For information on establishing a key for encrypting the partition, see Key for Encrypting User Data Partition in this topic.
To enable the encrypted user data partition on an Ubuntu root file system
1. Enter the following commands:
cd <top>/drive-t186ref-foundation/virtualization/pct/<p3407-t186|p2379c01-t186a|p2379c01-t186b>/linux
cp global_efs_storage.cfg global_storage.cfg
2. Perform the appropriate procedure described in the section Flashing DRIVE PX 2, earlier in this chapter.