NVIDIA AI Enterprise Release Notes

Release information for all users of NVIDIA AI Enterprise.

1. What's New in NVIDIA AI Enterprise

NVIDIA AI Enterprise 3.0 is a major release that introduces several new features, enhancements, and changes to supported hardware and software. This release also includes bug fixes.

Changes to Hardware Supported in this Release

  • Support for the following GPUs:
    • NVIDIA A100 PCIe 80GB liquid cooled
    • NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80GB
    • NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80GB liquid cooled
    • NVIDIA A800 HGX 80GB
    • NVIDIA RTX 6000 passive
    • NVIDIA RTX 8000 passive

Changes to Virtualization Software in this Release

  • New release of NVIDIA vGPU software: 15.0
  • Support for NVIDIA vGPU software on the NVIDIA H100 GPU
  • Support for NVIDIA GPUDirect® technology
  • Support for the following hypervisor software releases:
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux with KVM 9.1, 9.0, 8.7, 8.6, and 8.4
    • VMware vSphere 8.0
  • Support for the following Microsoft Windows OS releases as a guest OS:
    • Microsoft Windows Server 2022
    • Microsoft Windows Server 2019
    • Microsoft Windows 11
    • Microsoft Windows 10
    Note: The Tesla Compute Cluster (TCC) model must be enabled for Windows guest drivers.
  • Support for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.1, 8.7, and 8.6 as a guest OS and in bare-metal deployments
  • Withdrawal of support for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.9
  • Miscellaneous bug fixes

Changes to Cloud Native Support in this Release

  • Support for HPE Ezmeral Runtime Enterprise 5.5

Changes to Frameworks and Models in this Release

Changes to Licensing Options in this Release

  • Pay-as-you go licensing for selected virtual machine instances on Google Cloud Platform
  • Support for NVIDIA AI Enterprise on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure

2. Supported Hardware and Software

For more information, refer to the NVIDIA AI Enterprise Product Support Matrix.

Servers and NVIDIA GPUs Supported

NVIDIA AI Enterprise is supported on NVIDIA® DGX™ servers in bare-metal deployments with the NVIDIA graphics driver for Linux that is included in the DGX OS software.
Note: NVIDIA vGPU software is not supported on NVIDIA DGX servers.

NVIDIA AI Enterprise is supported on the following NVIDIA GPUs with the compatible third-party servers that are listed on the NVIDIA-certified systems page.

  • NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80GB
  • NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80GB liquid cooled
  • NVIDIA A800 HGX 80GB
  • NVIDIA A100X
  • NVIDIA A100 PCIe 40GB
  • NVIDIA A100 HGX 40GB
  • NVIDIA A100 PCIe 80GB
  • NVIDIA A100 PCIe 80GB liquid cooled
  • NVIDIA A100 HGX 80GB
  • NVIDIA A40
  • NVIDIA A30X
  • NVIDIA A30
  • NVIDIA A10
  • NVIDIA A16
  • NVIDIA A2
  • NVIDIA H100 PCIe 80GB
  • NVIDIA RTX A6000
  • NVIDIA RTX A5500
  • NVIDIA RTX A5000
  • NVIDIA RTX 6000 passive
  • NVIDIA RTX 8000 passive
  • NVIDIA T4
  • NVIDIA V100

Multi-node scaling requires an Ethernet NIC that supports RoCE. For best performance, NVIDIA recommends using an NVIDIA® Mellanox® ConnectX®-6 Dx and an NVIDIA A100 GPU in each VM used for multi-node scaling. Refer to the Sizing guide and the Multi-Node Training solution guide for further information.

Hypervisor Software Supported

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux with KVM hypervisor 9.1, 9.0
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux with KVM hypervisor 8.7, 8.6, and 8.4
  • VMware vSphere Hypervisor (ESXi) Enterprise Plus Edition 8.0
  • VMware vCenter Server 8.0
  • VMware vSphere Hypervisor (ESXi) Enterprise Plus Edition 7.0 Update 3
  • VMware vCenter Server 7.0 Update 3

Microsoft Windows Guest Operating Systems Supported

Note:
  • NVIDIA AI Enterprise supports only the Tesla Compute Cluster (TCC) driver model for Windows guest drivers.
  • Windows guest OS support is limited to running applications natively in Windows VMs without containers. NVIDIA AI Enterprise features that depend on containerization of applications are not supported on Windows guest operating systems.
Guest OS Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM VMware vSphere
Microsoft Windows Server 2022 9.1, 9.0

8.7, 8.6, 8.4
8.0

7.0 Update 3
Microsoft Windows Server 2019 9.1, 9.0

8.7, 8.6, 8.4
8.0

7.0 Update 3
Microsoft Windows 11 Not supported 8.0

7.0 Update 3
Microsoft Windows 10 Not supported 8.0

7.0 Update 3

Linux Guest Operating Systems Supported

Note: Red Hat Enterprise Linux guest OS support is limited to running containers by using Docker without Kubernetes. NVIDIA AI Enterprise features that depend on Kubernetes, for example, the use of GPU Operator, are not supported on Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
Guest OS Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM VMware vSphere
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.1, 9.0 9.1, 9.0

8.7, 8.6, 8.4
8.0

7.0 Update 3
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.7, 8.6, 8.4 9.1, 9.0

8.7, 8.6, 8.4
8.0

7.0 Update 3
Red Hat OpenShift 4.9 and later using Red Hat Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) 9.1, 9.0

8.7, 8.6, 8.4
8.0

7.0 Update 3
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2+ Not supported 8.0

7.0 Update 3
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Not supported 8.0

7.0 Update 3
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Not supported 8.0

7.0 Update 3

2.1. NVIDIA AI Enterprise Software Components

Software Component NVIDIA Release
NVIDIA vGPU software 15.0:
  • Virtual GPU Manger: 525.60.12
  • Graphics Driver for Windows: 527.41
  • Graphics Driver for Linux: 525.60.13
NVIDIA GPU Operator 22.9.1
NVIDIA Network Operator 1.4.0
TensorFlow 2 22.11-tf1-nvaie-3.0-py3
TensorFlow 1 22.11-tf1-nvaie-3.0-py3
PyTorch 22.11-nvaie-3.0-py3
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server 22.11-nvaie-3.0-py3 and 22.11-nvaie-3.0-py3-sdk
NVIDIA TensorRT 22.11-nvaie-3.0-py3
NVIDIA RAPIDS 22.12-runtime-cuda11.8-ubuntu20.04
NVIDIA Clara Parabricks 4.0.1-1
NVIDIA DeepStream 6.2.0-triton (PDF)
MONAI - Medical Open Network for Artificial Intelligence 1.0
TAO Toolkit for Language Model (Conv AI) 4.0.0-tf2-base
TAO Toolkit for Conv AI 4.0.0-tf2-base
TAO Toolkit for CV 4.0.0-tf1.15.5
Note:
  • The NVIDIA deep learning frameworks support NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit11.8.0, not 12.0 NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit.
  • In this release, TAO Toolkit is supported only on the NVIDIA H100 GPU.

2.2. Switching the Mode of a GPU that Supports Multiple Display Modes

Some GPUs support display-off and display-enabled modes but must be used in NVIDIA AI Enterprise deployments in display-off mode.

The GPUs listed in the following table support multiple display modes. As shown in the table, some GPUs are supplied from the factory in display-off mode, but other GPUs are supplied in a display-enabled mode.

GPU Mode as Supplied from the Factory
NVIDIA A40 Display-off
NVIDIA L40 Display-off
NVIDIA RTX 6000 Ada Display enabled
NVIDIA RTX A5000 Display enabled
NVIDIA RTX A5500 Display enabled
NVIDIA RTX A6000 Display enabled

A GPU that is supplied from the factory in display-off mode, such as the NVIDIA A40 GPU, might be in a display-enabled mode if its mode has previously been changed.

To change the mode of a GPU that supports multiple display modes, use the displaymodeselector tool, which you can request from the NVIDIA Display Mode Selector Tool page on the NVIDIA Developer website.

Note:

Only the following GPUs support the displaymodeselector tool:

  • NVIDIA A40
  • NVIDIA L40
  • NVIDIA RTX A5000
  • NVIDIA RTX 6000 Ada
  • NVIDIA RTX A5500
  • NVIDIA RTX A6000

Other GPUs that support NVIDIA AI Enterprise do not support the displaymodeselector tool and, unless otherwise stated, do not require display mode switching.

2.3. Requirements for Using C-Series vCS vGPUs

Because C-Series vCS vGPUs have large BAR memory settings, using these vGPUs has some restrictions on VMware ESXi.

2.4. Requirements for Using vGPU on GPUs Requiring 64 GB or More of MMIO Space with Large-Memory VMs

Some GPUs require 64 GB or more of MMIO space. When a vGPU on a GPU that requires 64 GB or more of MMIO space is assigned to a VM with 32 GB or more of memory on ESXi , the VM’s MMIO space must be increased to the amount of MMIO space that the GPU requires.

For more information, refer to VMware Knowledge Base Article: VMware vSphere VMDirectPath I/O: Requirements for Platforms and Devices (2142307).

No extra configuration is needed.

The following table lists the GPUs that require 64 GB or more of MMIO space and the amount of MMIO space that each GPU requires.

GPU MMIO Space Required
NVIDIA A10 64 GB
NVIDIA A30 64 GB
NVIDIA A40 128 GB
NVIDIA A100 40GB (all variants) 128 GB
NVIDIA A100 80GB (all variants) 256 GB
NVIDIA RTX A5000 64 GB
NVIDIA RTX A5500 64 GB
NVIDIA RTX A6000 128 GB
Quadro RTX 6000 Passive 64 GB
Quadro RTX 8000 Passive 64 GB
Tesla P100 (all variants) 64 GB

2.5. Linux Only: Error Messages for Misconfigured GPUs Requiring Large MMIO Space

In a Linux VM, if the requirements for using C-Series vCS vGPUs or GPUs requiring large MMIO space in pass-through mode are not met, the following error messages are written to the VM's dmesg log during installation of the NVIDIA AI Enterprise graphics driver:

NVRM: BAR1 is 0M @ 0x0 (PCI:0000:02:02.0)
[  90.823015] NVRM: The system BIOS may have misconfigured your GPU.
[  90.823019] nvidia: probe of 0000:02:02.0 failed with error -1
[  90.823031] NVRM: The NVIDIA probe routine failed for 1 device(s).

2.6. NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit Version Support

The releases in this release family of NVIDIA AI Enterprise support NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit 12.0.

To build a CUDA application, the system must have the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit and the libraries required for linking. For details of the components of NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit, refer to NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit Release Notes for CUDA 11.4.

To run a CUDA application, the system must have a CUDA-enabled GPU and an NVIDIA display driver that is compatible with the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit release that was used to build the application. If the application relies on dynamic linking for libraries, the system must also have the correct version of these libraries.

For more information about NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit, refer to CUDA Toolkit 12.0 Documentation.

2.7. vGPU Migration Support

vGPU migration, which includes vMotion and suspend-resume, is supported for both time-sliced and MIG-backed vGPUs on all supported GPUs, hypervisor software releases, and guest operating systems.

Note: vGPU migration is disabled for a VM for which any of the following NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit features is enabled:
  • Unified memory
  • Debuggers
  • Profilers

Known Issues with vGPU Migration Support

Use Case Affected GPUs Issue
Migration between hosts with different ECC memory configuration All GPUs that support vGPU migration Migration of VMs configured with vGPU stops before the migration is complete

2.8. Multiple vGPU Support

To support applications and workloads that are compute or graphics intensive, multiple vGPUs can be added to a single VM. The assignment of more than one vGPU to a VM is supported only on a subset of vGPUs and hypervisor software releases.

2.8.1. vGPUs that Support Multiple vGPUs Assigned to a VM

The supported vGPUs depend on the hypervisor:
  • For Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM, all Q-series and C-series vGPUs are supported. On GPUs that support the Multi-Instance GPU (MIG) feature, both time-sliced and MIG-backed vGPUs are supported.
  • For VMware vSphere, the supported vGPUs depend on the hypervisor release:
    • Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All Q-series and C-series vGPUs are supported. On GPUs that support the Multi-Instance GPU (MIG) feature, both time-sliced and MIG-backed vGPUs are supported.
    • VMware vSphere 7.x releases: Only Q-series vGPUs that are allocated all of the physical GPU's frame buffer are supported.

You can assign multiple vGPUs with differing amounts of frame buffer to a single VM, provided the board type and the series of all the vGPUs is the same. For example, you can assign an A40-48C vGPU and an A40-16C vGPU to the same VM. However, you cannot assign an A30-8C vGPU and an A16-8C vGPU to the same VM.

Multiple vGPU Support on the NVIDIA Ada Lovelace Architecture

Board vGPU

Multiple vGPU Support on the NVIDIA Hopper GPU Architecture

Board vGPU
NVIDIA H100 PCIe 80GB All C-series vGPUs

See Note (1).

Multiple vGPU Support on the NVIDIA Ampere GPU Architecture

Board vGPU
NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80GB

NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80GB liquid cooled
Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A800D-80C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA A800 HGX 80GB Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A800DX-80C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA A100 PCIe 80GB

NVIDIA A100 PCIe 80GB liquid cooled

Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A100D-80C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA A100 HGX 80GB Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A100DX-80C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA A100 PCIe 40GB Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A100-40C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA A100 HGX 40GB Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A100X-40C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA A40 Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A40-48C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA A30

Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A30-24C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA A16 Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A16-16C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA A10 Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A10-24C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA RTX A6000 Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A6000-48C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA RTX A5500 Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A5500-24C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA RTX A5000 Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM: All C-series vGPUs

Since VMware vSphere 8.0: All C-series vGPUs

VMware vSphere 7.x releases: A5000-24C

See Note (1).

Multiple vGPU Support on the NVIDIA Turing GPU Architecture

Board vGPU
Tesla T4
Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
Since VMware vSphere 8.0:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
VMware vSphere 7.x releases:
  • T4-16Q
  • T4-16C
Quadro RTX 6000 passive
Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
Since VMware vSphere 8.0:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
VMware vSphere 7.x releases:
  • RTX6000P-24Q
  • RTX6000P-24C
Quadro RTX 8000 passive
Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
Since VMware vSphere 8.0:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
VMware vSphere 7.x releases:
  • RTX8000P-48Q
  • RTX8000P-48C

Multiple vGPU Support on the NVIDIA Volta GPU Architecture

Board vGPU
Tesla V100 SXM2 32GB
Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
Since VMware vSphere 8.0:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
VMware vSphere 7.x releases:
  • V100DX-32Q
  • V100D-32C
Tesla V100 PCIe 32GB
Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
Since VMware vSphere 8.0:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
VMware vSphere 7.x releases:
  • V100D-32Q
  • V100D-32C
Tesla V100S PCIe 32GB
Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
Since VMware vSphere 8.0:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
VMware vSphere 7.x releases:
  • V100S-32Q
  • V100S-32C
Tesla V100 SXM2
Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
Since VMware vSphere 8.0:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
VMware vSphere 7.x releases:
  • V100X-16Q
  • V100X-16C
Tesla V100 PCIe
Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
Since VMware vSphere 8.0:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
VMware vSphere 7.x releases:
  • V100-16Q
  • V100-16C
Tesla V100 FHHL
Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
Since VMware vSphere 8.0:
  • All Q-series vGPUs
  • All C-series vGPUs
VMware vSphere 7.x releases:
  • V100L-16Q
  • V100L-16C
Note:
  1. This type of vGPU cannot be assigned with other types of vGPU to the same VM.

2.8.2. Maximum Number of vGPUs Supported per VM

For Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM, NVIDIA AI Enterprise supports up to a maximum of 16 vGPUs per VM.

For VMware vSphere, the maximum number of vGPUs per VM supported depends on the hypervisor release:
  • Since VMware vSphere 8.0: NVIDIA AI Enterprise supports up to a maximum of eight vGPUs per VM.
  • VMware vSphere 7.x releases: NVIDIA AI Enterprisesupports up to a maximum of four vGPUs per VM.

2.8.3. Hypervisor Releases that Support Multiple vGPUs Assigned to a VM

All hypervisor releases that support NVIDIA AI Enterprise are supported.

2.9. Peer-to-Peer CUDA Transfers over NVLink Support

Peer-to-peer CUDA transfers enable device memory between vGPUs on different GPUs that are assigned to the same VM to be accessed from within the CUDA kernels. NVLink is a high-bandwidth interconnect that enables fast communication between such vGPUs. Peer-to-Peer CUDA transfers over NVLink are supported only on a subset of vGPUs, VMware vSphere Hypervisor (ESXi) releases, and guest OS releases.

2.9.1. vGPUs that Support Peer-to-Peer CUDA Transfers

Only Q-series and C-series time-sliced vGPUs that are allocated all of the physical GPU's frame buffer on physical GPUs that support NVLink are supported.

Peer-to-Peer CUDA Transfer Support on the NVIDIA Hopper GPU Architecture

Board vGPU
NVIDIA H800 PCIe 80GB H800-80C
NVIDIA H100 PCIe 80GB H100-80C

Peer-to-Peer CUDA Transfer Support on the NVIDIA Ampere GPU Architecture

Board vGPU
NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80GB

NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80GB liquid cooled
A800D-80C
NVIDIA A800 HGX 80GB A800DX-80C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA A100 PCIe 80GB

A100D-80C
NVIDIA A100 HGX 80GB

NVIDIA A100 HGX 80GB liquid cooled
A100DX-80C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA A100 PCIe 40GB A100-40C
NVIDIA A100 HGX 40GB A100X-40C

See Note (1).
NVIDIA A40 A40-48Q

A40-48C
NVIDIA A30

A30-24C
NVIDIA A10 A10-24Q

A10-24C
NVIDIA RTX A6000 A6000-48Q

A6000-48C
NVIDIA RTX A5500 A5500-24Q

A5500-24C
NVIDIA RTX A5000 A5000-24Q

A5000-24C

Peer-to-Peer CUDA Transfer Support on the NVIDIA Turing GPU Architecture

Board vGPU
Quadro RTX 6000 passive RTX6000P-24Q

RTX6000P-24C
Quadro RTX 8000 passive RTX8000P-48Q

RTX8000P-48C

Peer-to-Peer CUDA Transfer Support on the NVIDIA Volta GPU Architecture

Board vGPU
Tesla V100 SXM2 32GB V100DX-32Q

V100DX-32C
Tesla V100 SXM2 V100X-16Q

V100X-16C
Note:
  1. Supported only on the following hardware:
    • NVIDIA HGX™ A100 4-GPU baseboard with four fully connected GPUs
    • NVIDIA HGX A100 8-GPU baseboards with eight fully connected GPUs

    Fully connected means that each GPU is connected to every other GPU on the baseboard.

2.9.2. Hypervisor Releases that Support Peer-to-Peer CUDA Transfers

Peer-to-Peer CUDA transfers over NVLink are supported on all hypervisor releases that support the assignment of more than one vGPU to a VM. For details, see Multiple vGPU Support.

Guest OS Releases that Support Peer-to-Peer CUDA Transfers

Linux only. Peer-to-Peer CUDA transfers over NVLink are not supported on Windows.

2.9.4. Limitations on Support for Peer-to-Peer CUDA Transfers

  • NVSwitch is not supported. Only direct connections are supported.
  • Only time-sliced vGPUs are supported. MIG-backed vGPUs are not supported.
  • If unified memory is enabled, peer-to-peer CUDA transfers are not supported on GPUs based on the NVIDIA Ampere GPU architecture that also support MIG-backed vGPUs.
  • PCIe is not supported.
  • SLI is not supported.

2.10. GPUDirect Technology Support

NVIDIA GPUDirect® Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) technology enables network devices to directly access vGPU frame buffer, bypassing CPU host memory altogether. GPUDirect Storage technology enables a direct data path for direct memory access (DMA) transfers between GPU memory and storage. GPUDirect technology is supported only on a subset of vGPUs and guest OS releases.

Supported vGPUs

GPUDirect RDMA and GPUDirect Storage technology are supported on all time-sliced and MIG-backed C-series vGPUs on physical GPUs that support single root I/O virtualization (SR-IOV).

  • GPUs based on the NVIDIA Ada Lovelace GPU architecture:
    • NVIDIA L40
    • NVIDIA L4
    • NVIDIA RTX 6000 Ada
  • GPUs based on the NVIDIA Hopper GPU architecture:
    • NVIDIA H800 PCIe 80GB
    • NVIDIA H100 PCIe 80GB
  • GPUs based on the NVIDIA Ampere GPU architecture:
    • NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80GB
    • NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80GB liquid cooled
    • NVIDIA A800 HGX 80GB
    • NVIDIA A100 PCIe 80GB
    • NVIDIA A100 PCIe 80GB liquid cooled
    • NVIDIA A100 HGX 80GB
    • NVIDIA A100 PCIe 40GB
    • NVIDIA A100 HGX 40GB
    • NVIDIA A100X
    • NVIDIA A30
    • NVIDIA A30X
    • NVIDIA A40
    • NVIDIA A16
    • NVIDIA A10
    • NVIDIA A2
    • NVIDIA RTX A6000
    • NVIDIA RTX A5500
    • NVIDIA RTX A5000

Supported Guest OS Releases

Linux only. GPUDirect technology is not supported on Windows.

Supported Network Interface Cards

GPUDirect technology is supported on the following network interface cards:

  • NVIDIA ®ConnectX®- 7 SmartNIC
  • Mellanox Connect-X 6 SmartNIC
  • Mellanox Connect-X 5 Ethernet adapter card

Limitations

GPUDirect Storage technology is supported only on the following guest OS releases:

  • Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
  • Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

2.11. Unified Memory Support

Unified memory is a single memory address space that is accessible from any CPU or GPU in a system. It creates a pool of managed memory that is shared between the CPU and GPU to provide a simple way to allocate and access data that can be used by code running on any CPU or GPU in the system. Unified memory is supported only on a subset of vGPUs and guest OS releases.

Note:Unified memory is disabled by default. If used, you must enable unified memory individually for each vGPU that requires it by setting a vGPU plugin parameter. NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit profilers are supported and can be enabled on a VM for which unified memory is enabled.

2.11.1. vGPUs that Support Unified Memory

On GPUs that support the Multi-Instance GPU (MIG) feature, all MIG-backed vGPUs are supported. Only time-sliced vGPUs that are allocated all of the physical GPU's frame buffer on physical GPUs that support unified memory are supported.

Unified Memory Support on the NVIDIA Ada Lovelace GPU Architecture

Board vGPU

Unified Memory Support on the NVIDIA Hopper GPU Architecture

Board vGPU
NVIDIA H100 PCIe 80GB H100-80C

All MIG-backed vGPUs

Unified Memory Support on the NVIDIA Ampere GPU Architecture

Board vGPU
NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80GB

NVIDIA A800 PCIe 80GB liquid cooled
A800D-80C

All MIG-backed vGPUs
NVIDIA A800 HGX 80GB A800DX-80C

All MIG-backed vGPUs
NVIDIA A100 PCIe 80GB

NVIDIA A100 PCIe 80GB liquid cooled

NVIDIA A100X
A100D-80C

All MIG-backed vGPUs
NVIDIA A100 HGX 80GB A100DX-80C

All MIG-backed vGPUs
NVIDIA A100 PCIe 40GB A100-40C

All MIG-backed vGPUs
NVIDIA A100 HGX 40GB A100X-40C

All MIG-backed vGPUs
NVIDIA A40 A40-48Q

A40-48C
NVIDIA A30

A30-24C

All MIG-backed vGPUs
NVIDIA A16 A16-16Q

A16-16C
NVIDIA A10 A10-24Q

A10-24C
NVIDIA RTX A6000 A6000-48Q

A6000-48C
NVIDIA RTX A5500 A5500-24Q

A5500-24C
NVIDIA RTX A5000 A5000-24Q

A5000-24C

2.11.2. Guest OS Releases that Support Unified Memory

Linux only. Unified memory is not supported on Windows.

2.11.3. Limitations on Support for Unified Memory

  • Only time-sliced Q-series and C-series vGPUs that are allocated all of the physical GPU's frame buffer on physical GPUs that support unified memory are supported. Fractional time-sliced vGPUs are not supported.
  • When unified memory is enabled for a VM, vGPU migration is disabled for the VM.

2.12. NVIDIA GPU Operator Support

NVIDIA GPU Operator simplifies the deployment of NVIDIA AI Enterprise with software container platforms. NVIDIA GPU Operator is supported only on specific combinations of hypervisor software release, container platform, and guest OS release.

Hypervisor Software Release Container Platform Guest OS
Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM 9.1, 9.0 Red Hat OpenShift 4.9 and later using Red Hat Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) and the CRI-O container runtime Red Hat OpenShift 4.9 and later using RHCOS
Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM 8.7, 8.6, 8.4 Red Hat OpenShift 4.9 and later using RHCOS and the CRI-O container runtime Red Hat OpenShift 4.9 and later using RHCOS
VMware vSphere Hypervisor (ESXi) 8.0 Upstream Kubernetes 1.21 through 1.25 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
VMware vSphere with Tanzu 7.0 U3c Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
HPE Ezmeral Runtime Enterprise 5.5 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4
VMware vSphere Hypervisor (ESXi) 7.0 Update 2, Update 3 Upstream Kubernetes 1.21 through 1.25 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
VMware vSphere with Tanzu 7.0 U3c Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
HPE Ezmeral Runtime Enterprise 5.5 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4

3. NVIDIA AI Enterprise Supported Cloud Services

NVIDIA AI Enterprise is supported on several cloud services with bring-your-own-license (BYOL) licensing. Pay-as-you-go licensing is also available with some cloud services.

Note: Red Hat Enterprise Linux guest OS support is limited to running containers by using Docker without Kubernetes. NVIDIA AI Enterprise features that depend on Kubernetes, for example, the use of GPU Operator, are not supported on Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

3.1. Amazon Web Services Elastic Compute Cloud (AWS EC2)

GPU Supported AWS EC2 Instances Supported Guest Operating Systems
NVIDIA T4

g4dn.xlarge

g4dn.2xlarge

g4dn.4xlarge

g4dn.8xlarge

g4dn.12xlarge

g4dn.16xlarge

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.9

Red Hat OpenShift 4.10 using Red Hat Linux CoreOS (RHCOS)

Red Hat OpenShift 4.9 using Red Hat Linux CoreOS (RHCOS)

Ubuntu 22.04

Ubuntu 20.04

NVIDIA V100

P3.2xlarge

P3.8xlarge

P3.16xlarge

NVIDIA A10G

g5.xlarge

g5.2xlarge

g5.4xlarge

g5.8xlarge

g5.12xlarge

g5.16xlarge

g5.24xlarge

g5.48xlarge

NVIDIA A100

p4d.24xlarge

3.2. Google Cloud Platform (GCP)

Note: Pay-as-you-go licensing is also available for all supported GCP instances.
GPU Supported GCP Instances Supported Guest Operating Systems
Tesla T4

Any predefined machine type.

Any custom machine type that can be created in a zone.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.9

Red Hat OpenShift 4.10 using Red Hat Linux CoreOS (RHCOS)

Red Hat OpenShift 4.9 using Red Hat Linux CoreOS (RHCOS)

Ubuntu 22.04

Ubuntu 20.04

Tesla V100
Tesla A100

a2-highgpu-1g

a2-highgpu-2g

a2-highgpu-4g

a2-highgpu-8g

a2-megagpu-16g

3.3. Microsoft Azure

GPU Supported Azure Instances Supported Guest Operating Systems
NVIDIA V100

NC6s_v3

NC12s_v3

NC24s_v3

NC24rs_v3

ND40rs_v2

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.9

Red Hat OpenShift 4.10 using Red Hat Linux CoreOS (RHCOS)

Red Hat OpenShift 4.9 using Red Hat Linux CoreOS (RHCOS)

Ubuntu 22.04

Ubuntu 20.04

NVIDIA T4

NC4asT4_v3

NC8asT4_v3

NC16asT4_v3

NC64asT4_v3

NVIDIA A100

ND96asr_v4

ND96amsr_A100_v4

NVIDIA A10

NV6ads_A10_v5

NV12ads_A10_v5

NV18ads_A10_v5

NV36ads_A10_v5

NV36adms_A10_v5

NV72ads_A10_v5

3.4. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure

GPU Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Shapes Supported Guest Operating Systems
NVIDIA P100

VM.GPU2.1

BM.GPU2.2

Linux:
  • Ubuntu 22.04
  • Ubuntu 20.04
Windows:
  • Microsoft Windows Server 2022
  • Microsoft Windows Server 2019
NVIDIA V100

VM.GPU3.1

VM.GPU3.2

VM.GPU3.4

BM.GPU3.8

NVIDIA A100

BM.GPU.GM4.8

BM.GPU4.8

NVIDIA A10

BM.GPU.GU1.4

3.5. NVIDIA GPU Optimized VMI on CSP Marketplace

For ease of use in the cloud, NVIDIA provides compute optimized and validated base Virtual Machine Instances (VMI) through CSP marketplaces. Each VMI includes key technologies and software from NVIDIA for rapid deployment, management, and scaling of AI workloads in the modern hybrid cloud.

Each VMI has the following software pre-installed:
  • Ubuntu Server 20.04
  • NVIDIA driver 525 TRD - 525.60.13
  • Docker-ce 20.10.12
  • NVIDIA Container Toolkit 1.8.1
  • NVIDIA Container Runtime 3.8.1

4. CPU Only Server Support

NVIDIA AI Enterprise supports deployments on CPU only servers that are part of the NVIDIA Certfied Systems list. Customers can deploy both GPU and CPU Only systems with VMware vSphere or Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

NVIDIA AI Enterprise will support the following CPU enabled frameworks:

  • TensorFlow

  • PyTorch

  • Triton Inference Server with FIL backend

  • NVIDIA RAPIDS with XGBoost and Dask

5. Known Product Limitations

Known product limitations for this release of NVIDIA AI Enterprise are described in the following sections.

5.1. Issues occur when the channels allocated to a vGPU are exhausted

Description

Issues occur when the channels allocated to a vGPU are exhausted and the guest VM to which the vGPU is assigned fails to allocate a channel to the vGPU. A physical GPU has a fixed number of channels and the number of channels allocated to each vGPU is inversely proportional to the maximum number of vGPUs allowed on the physical GPU.

When the channels allocated to a vGPU are exhausted and the guest VM fails to allocate a channel, the following errors are reported on the hypervisor host or in an NVIDIA bug report:

Jun 26 08:01:25 srvxen06f vgpu-3[14276]: error: vmiop_log: (0x0): Guest attempted to allocate channel above its max channel limit 0xfb
Jun 26 08:01:25 srvxen06f vgpu-3[14276]: error: vmiop_log: (0x0): VGPU message 6 failed, result code: 0x1a
Jun 26 08:01:25 srvxen06f vgpu-3[14276]: error: vmiop_log: (0x0):         0xc1d004a1, 0xff0e0000, 0xff0400fb, 0xc36f,
Jun 26 08:01:25 srvxen06f vgpu-3[14276]: error: vmiop_log: (0x0):         0x1, 0xff1fe314, 0xff1fe038, 0x100b6f000, 0x1000,
Jun 26 08:01:25 srvxen06f vgpu-3[14276]: error: vmiop_log: (0x0):         0x80000000, 0xff0e0200, 0x0, 0x0, (Not logged),
Jun 26 08:01:25 srvxen06f vgpu-3[14276]: error: vmiop_log: (0x0):         0x1, 0x0
Jun 26 08:01:25 srvxen06f vgpu-3[14276]: error: vmiop_log: (0x0): , 0x0

Workaround

Use a vGPU type with more frame buffer, thereby reducing the maximum number of vGPUs allowed on the physical GPU. As a result, the number of channels allocated to each vGPU is increased.

5.2. Total frame buffer for vGPUs is less than the total frame buffer on the physical GPU

Some of the physical GPU's frame buffer is used by the hypervisor on behalf of the VM for allocations that the guest OS would otherwise have made in its own frame buffer. The frame buffer used by the hypervisor is not available for vGPUs on the physical GPU. In NVIDIA vGPU deployments, frame buffer for the guest OS is reserved in advance, whereas in bare-metal deployments, frame buffer for the guest OS is reserved on the basis of the runtime needs of applications.

If error-correcting code (ECC) memory is enabled on a physical GPU that does not have HBM2 memory, the amount of frame buffer that is usable by vGPUs is further reduced. All types of vGPU are affected, not just vGPUs that support ECC memory.

On all GPUs that support ECC memory and, therefore, dynamic page retirement, additional frame buffer is allocated for dynamic page retirement. The amount that is allocated is inversely proportional to the maximum number of vGPUs per physical GPU. All GPUs that support ECC memory are affected, even GPUs that have HBM2 memory or for which ECC memory is disabled.

The approximate amount of frame buffer that NVIDIA AI Enterprise reserves can be calculated from the following formula:

max-reserved-fb = vgpu-profile-size-in-mb÷16 + 16 + ecc-adjustments + page-retirement-allocation + compression-adjustment

max-reserved-fb
The maximum total amount of reserved frame buffer in Mbytes that is not available for vGPUs.
vgpu-profile-size-in-mb
The amount of frame buffer in Mbytes allocated to a single vGPU. This amount depends on the vGPU type. For example, for the T4-16Q vGPU type, vgpu-profile-size-in-mb is 16384.
ecc-adjustments
The amount of frame buffer in Mbytes that is not usable by vGPUs when ECC is enabled on a physical GPU that does not have HBM2 memory.
  • If ECC is enabled on a physical GPU that does not have HBM2 memory ecc-adjustments is fb-without-ecc/16, which is equivalent to 64 Mbytes for every Gbyte of frame buffer assigned to the vGPU. fb-without-ecc is total amount of frame buffer with ECC disabled.
  • If ECC is disabled or the GPU has HBM2 memory, ecc-adjustments is 0.
page-retirement-allocation
The amount of frame buffer in Mbytes that is reserved for dynamic page retirement.
  • On GPUs based on the NVIDIA Maxwell GPU architecture, page-retirement-allocation = 4÷max-vgpus-per-gpu.
  • On GPUs based on NVIDIA GPU architectures after the Maxwell architecture, page-retirement-allocation = 128÷max-vgpus-per-gpu
max-vgpus-per-gpu
The maximum number of vGPUs that can be created simultaneously on a physical GPU. This number varies according to the vGPU type. For example, for the T4-16Q vGPU type, max-vgpus-per-gpu is 1.
compression-adjustment

The amount of frame buffer in Mbytes that is reserved for the higher compression overhead in vGPU types with 12 Gbytes or more of frame buffer on GPUs based on the Turing architecture.

compression-adjustment depends on the vGPU type as shown in the following table.

vGPU Type Compression Adjustment (MB)

T4-16Q

T4-16C

T4-16A

28

RTX6000-12Q

RTX6000-12C

RTX6000-12A

32

RTX6000-24Q

RTX6000-24C

RTX6000-24A

104

RTX6000P-12Q

RTX6000P-12C

RTX6000P-12A

32

RTX6000P-24Q

RTX6000P-24C

RTX6000P-24A

104

RTX8000-12Q

RTX8000-12C

RTX8000-12A

32

RTX8000-16Q

RTX8000-16C

RTX8000-16A

64

RTX8000-24Q

RTX8000-24C

RTX8000-24A

96

RTX8000-48Q

RTX8000-48C

RTX8000-48A

238

RTX8000P-12Q

RTX8000P-12C

RTX8000P-12A

32

RTX8000P-16Q

RTX8000P-16C

RTX8000P-16A

64

RTX8000P-24Q

RTX8000P-24C

RTX8000P-24A

96

RTX8000P-48Q

RTX8000P-48C

RTX8000P-48A

238

For all other vGPU types, compression-adjustment is 0.

5.3. Single vGPU benchmark scores are lower than pass-through GPU

Description

A single vGPU configured on a physical GPU produces lower benchmark scores than the physical GPU run in pass-through mode.

Aside from performance differences that may be attributed to a vGPU’s smaller frame buffer size, vGPU incorporates a performance balancing feature known as Frame Rate Limiter (FRL). On vGPUs that use the best-effort scheduler, FRL is enabled. On vGPUs that use the fixed share or equal share scheduler, FRL is disabled.

FRL is used to ensure balanced performance across multiple vGPUs that are resident on the same physical GPU. The FRL setting is designed to give good interactive remote graphics experience but may reduce scores in benchmarks that depend on measuring frame rendering rates, as compared to the same benchmarks running on a pass-through GPU.

Resolution

FRL is controlled by an internal vGPU setting. On vGPUs that use the best-effort scheduler, NVIDIA does not validate vGPU with FRL disabled, but for validation of benchmark performance, FRL can be temporarily disabled by adding the configuration parameter pciPassthru0.cfg.frame_rate_limiter in the VM’s advanced configuration options.

Note: This setting can only be changed when the VM is powered off.
  1. Select Edit Settings.
  2. In Edit Settings window, select the VM Options tab.
  3. From the Advanced drop-down list, select Edit Configuration.
  4. In the Configuration Parameters dialog box, click Add Row.
  5. In the Name field, type the parameter name pciPassthru0.cfg.frame_rate_limiter, in the Value field type 0, and click OK.



    Screen capture showing a dialog box that contains advanced VM configuration options

With this setting in place, the VM’s vGPU will run without any frame rate limit. The FRL can be reverted back to its default setting by setting pciPassthru0.cfg.frame_rate_limiter to 1 or by removing the parameter from the advanced settings.

Resolution

FRL is controlled by an internal vGPU setting. On vGPUs that use the best-effort scheduler, NVIDIA does not validate vGPU with FRL disabled, but for validation of benchmark performance, FRL can be temporarily disabled by setting frame_rate_limiter=0 in the vGPU configuration file.

# echo "frame_rate_limiter=0" > /sys/bus/mdev/devices/vgpu-id/nvidia/vgpu_params

For example:

# echo "frame_rate_limiter=0" > /sys/bus/mdev/devices/aa618089-8b16-4d01-a136-25a0f3c73123/nvidia/vgpu_params

The setting takes effect the next time any VM using the given vGPU type is started.

With this setting in place, the VM’s vGPU will run without any frame rate limit.

The FRL can be reverted back to its default setting as follows:

  1. Clear all parameter settings in the vGPU configuration file.

    # echo " " > /sys/bus/mdev/devices/vgpu-id/nvidia/vgpu_params
    Note: You cannot clear specific parameter settings. If your vGPU configuration file contains other parameter settings that you want to keep, you must reinstate them in the next step.
  2. Set frame_rate_limiter=1 in the vGPU configuration file.

    # echo "frame_rate_limiter=1" > /sys/bus/mdev/devices/vgpu-id/nvidia/vgpu_params

    If you need to reinstate other parameter settings, include them in the command to set frame_rate_limiter=1. For example:

    # echo "frame_rate_limiter=1 disable_vnc=1" > /sys/bus/mdev/devices/aa618089-8b16-4d01-a136-25a0f3c73123/nvidia/vgpu_params

5.4. VMs configured with large memory fail to initialize vGPU when booted

Description

When starting multiple VMs configured with large amounts of RAM (typically more than 32GB per VM), a VM may fail to initialize vGPU. In this scenario, the VM boots in VMware SVGA mode and doesn’t load the NVIDIA driver. The NVIDIA AI Enterprise GPU is present in Windows Device Manager but displays a warning sign, and the following device status:

Windows has stopped this device because it has reported problems. (Code 43)

The VMware vSphere VM’s log file contains these error messages:

vthread10|E105: NVOS status 0x29
vthread10|E105: Assertion Failed at 0x7620fd4b:179
vthread10|E105: 8 frames returned by backtrace
 ...
vthread10|E105: VGPU message 12 failed, result code: 0x29
...
vthread10|E105: NVOS status 0x8
vthread10|E105: Assertion Failed at 0x7620c8df:280
vthread10|E105: 8 frames returned by backtrace
...
vthread10|E105: VGPU message 26 failed, result code: 0x8

Resolution

vGPU reserves a portion of the VM’s framebuffer for use in GPU mapping of VM system memory. The reservation is sufficient to support up to 32GB of system memory, and may be increased to accommodate up to 64GB by adding the configuration parameter pciPassthru0.cfg.enable_large_sys_mem in the VM’s advanced configuration options

Note: This setting can only be changed when the VM is powered off.
  1. Select Edit Settings.
  2. In Edit Settings window, select the VM Options tab.
  3. From the Advanced drop-down list, select Edit Configuration.
  4. In the Configuration Parameters dialog box, click Add Row.
  5. In the Name field, type the parameter name pciPassthru0.cfg.enable_large_sys_mem, in the Value field type 1, and click OK.

With this setting in place, less GPU framebuffer is available to applications running in the VM. To accommodate system memory larger than 64GB, the reservation can be further increased by adding pciPassthru0.cfg.extra_fb_reservation in the VM’s advanced configuration options, and setting its value to the desired reservation size in megabytes. The default value of 64M is sufficient to support 64 GB of RAM. We recommend adding 2 M of reservation for each additional 1 GB of system memory. For example, to support 96 GB of RAM, set pciPassthru0.cfg.extra_fb_reservation to 128.

The reservation can be reverted back to its default setting by setting pciPassthru0.cfg.enable_large_sys_mem to 0, or by removing the parameter from the advanced settings.

6. Known Issues

6.1. Virtual GPU Manager upgrade fails on VMware vSphere Hypervisor (ESXi)

Description

Upgrading the Virtual GPU Manager from an earlier NVIDIA AI Enterprise release branch to the current release fails on VMware vSphere Hypervisor (ESXi). The installation result contains the message Host is not changed.

Version

This issue affects upgrades of the Virtual GPU Manager from an earlier NVIDIA AI Enterprise release branch to the current release.

Workaround

Uninstall the Virtual GPU Manager from the earlier NVIDIA AI Enterprise release branch before installing the current release of the Virtual GPU Manager.

Status

Open

Ref. #

3913505

6.2. The NVIDIA MOFED driver container fails to install the driver if Network Operator is installed

Description

The NVIDIA MOFED driver container fails to install the driver if Network Operator is installed. The installation fails because the container fails to unload the ib_core module. The rdma-core package is installed as part of the Red Hat CoreOS installation. This package loads the ib_core module if the system has Mellanox network interface cards (NICs).

Status

Open

Ref. #

3565857

6.3. Migration of VMs configured with vGPU stops before the migration is complete

Description

When a VM configured with vGPU is migrated to another host, the migration stops before it is complete.

This issue occurs if the ECC memory configuration (enabled or disabled) on the source and destination hosts are different. The ECC memory configuration on both the source and destination hosts must be identical.

Workaround

Before attempting to migrate the VM again, ensure that the ECC memory configuration on both the source and destination hosts are identical.

Status

Not an NVIDIA bug

Ref. #

200520027

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