Aerial CUDA-Accelerated RAN Features for 5G gNB
The 5G gNB capabilities, procedures, and interfaces have dependencies on Aerial CUDA-Accelerated RAN PHY Layer. The purpose of this section is to ensure that the Aerial CUDA-Accelerated RAN provides support for gNB capabilities, procedures, and interfaces.
PUCCH Format 1 I+N and SINR, DTX for UCI on PUSCH
Predefined BeamId support
Foxconn O-RU support
Cell life cycle management
4T4R TDD 7 beam support
8-port CSI-RS
Dynamic OAM supporting out-of-service updates:
Dest MAC and VLAN ID
exponent_dl
dl_iq_data_fmt
ul_iq_data_fmt
exponent_ul
max_amp_ul
section_3_time_offset
pusch_prb_stride
prach_prb_stride
fh_len_range
lower_guard_bw
gps_alpha (Shared across cells)
gps_beta (Shared across cells)
prachRootSequenceIndex
prachZeroCorrConf
numPrachFdOccasions
restrictedSetConfig
prachConfigIndex
K1
Fronthaul Extension to 50km
Simultaneous fronthaul ports for higher fronthaul bandwidth
Multiple BandWidth Part (BWP) support
4T4R TDD bandwidth: 10MHz, 30MHz, 40MHz, 50MHz and 80MHz
Carrier aggregation:
100MHz + 80MHz
100MHz + 40MHz
80MHz + 40MHz
100MHz + 80MHz + 40MHz
L1 startup time within 30 seconds
Support for multiple L2 on a single converged card
Cell-Id starts from 0 for all pods
Capabilities
Homogeneous Cell Lifecycle Mgmt - Cell State Mgmt (IS/OOS)
Feature |
Supported |
|---|---|
| Support cell activation and de-activation. This is commonly refered to as taking a carrier OOS (Out of Service) and bringing it to IS (In Service) states | Y |
Fronthaul Port Failover Validation (Active-Standby) of C/U/S-Planes
Feature |
Supported |
|---|---|
| Supports switching to secondary FH port within same BF3 card on primary FH port failure, transitioning C/U/S-Plane traffic from primary port to secondary FH port without stopping L1 | Y |
Procedures
Aerial CUDA-Accelerated RAN Overall Beam and Carrier Mobility
Feature |
Configuration |
Supported |
|---|---|---|
| Inter-gNB Handover | UE moves from 1 gNB to another gNB
|
N |
| Intra-DU Handover | Cell-level mobility: UE establishes new connection to new carrier (inter-cell) supported by UE context modification procedure
|
Y |
| Beam Mobility | UE establishes data path to new beam within carrier coverage (intra-cell) | N |
| Mobility at low speeds | Aerial CUDA-Accelerated RAN shall support pedestrian mobility by modeling the 3GPP channels and 38.104 requirements | N |
| Mobility at vehicular speeds | Aerial CUDA-Accelerated RAN shall support mobility at high vehicular speeds - up to 70mph (Doppler Shift = 400Hz) | N |
UL Power Control
Feature |
Description |
Supported |
|---|---|---|
| Single UE Power Control | BS initiated power control for single UEs | Y |
| UE Group Power Control | BS initiated power control for UE groups | Y |
Carrier Aggregation
Feature |
Description |
Supported |
|---|---|---|
| Carrier Aggregation | Transmissions in multiple cells can be aggregated to support inter-band and intra-band configurations | Y |
| 100MHz | Up to 2 cells aggregation (1CC,2CC), intra-band contiguous | Y |
| Up to 2 cells aggregation (1CC,2CC), intra-band non-contiguous | Y | |
| Up to 4 cells aggregation(1CC,2CC,3CC,4CC), inter-band non contiguous | Y | |
| Narrowband Carrier Aggregation (ZMhz) | Configurable up to 4 component carriers | Y |
Interfaces
gNB Interfaces
Interface |
Supported |
|---|---|
| NG Interface (TS 38.410) | Y |
| Xn interface (TS 38.420) | N |
| F1 interface (TS 38.470) | Y |
| E1 interface (TS 38.460) | N |
| Front Haul interface - ORAN 7.2 Split (CUS version 3) | Y |
| E2 interface | N |
| O1 interface | N |
This section includes E2E integration configuration and KPIs for appropriate NEs across 5G RAN, CN, and 5G infrastructure.
Highlights
4 Peak Cells validated in eCPRI/ RF cabled setup. 8 Average cells (50% traffic) validated in eCPRI setup
4 DL Layers and 2 UL Layers validated in 4T4R configuration
6 UE/TTI Validated
Simultaneous Front Haul capability supported.
Multi L2 also validated with each L2 supporting different cells.
1 Cell OTA verified
E2E Summary
- 4 Peak Cells in E2E configuration (CN + RAN + UE-EM) via eCPRI connection to test equipment
(Achieving aggregate DL throughput of 5.8Gbps and aggregate UL throughput of 840Mbps)
- 4 Peak Cell in E2E configuration (CN + RAN + UE-EM) via RF cable connection to O-RU
(Achieving aggregate DL throughput of 5.72Gbps and aggregate UL throughput of 800Mbps)
- 1 Cell OTA in E2E configuration (CN + RAN + CUE) via OTA connection to UE device
(Achieving DL throughput of 955Mbps and UL throughput of 105Mbps)
1 Cell OTA testing in Bands n78 and CBRS
4T4R Overall Configuration and KPIs
Feature |
Configuration |
|---|---|
| Release 15 SA | TDD 7.2 CatA |
| Subcarrier spacing (SCS) | 30kHz |
| sub-6 frequency spectrum | n78 Germany (3700 - 3800 MHz) |
| sub-6 frequency spectrum | n48 US CBRS (3550 - 3700 MHz) |
| Channel bandwidth | 100 Mhz |
| MIMO Layers support | DL : 4 layer UL : 2 layer |
| 100MHz cells | Up to 4 peak cells Up to 8 average cells (50%) |
| Peak throughput per cell | DL : 1.46 Gbps per cell UL : 210 Mbps per cell |
| Number of RRC Connected UEs per cell (Cabled Environment) | 100 |
| Number of RRC Connected UEs per cell (OTA Environment) | 8 |
| Number of UEs/TTI | DL : 16 UE/TTI UL : 16 UE/TTI |
| Frame structure and slot format | DDDSUUDDDD S = 6:4:4 (DL: G: UL) |
| DSUUU | |
| DDDSU | |
| User plane latency (RRC connected mode) | 10ms one way for DL and UL |
| Synchronization and Timing support | IEEE 1588v2 PTP / SyncE ORAN LLS-C3 |
| MTU size | 1500 / 8192 bytes |
| Modulation | 256 QAM DL 256 QAM UL |
| Soak Testing | 8 hours |
Aerial CUDA-Accelerated RAN Overall ORU Ecosystem
ORU |
Configuration |
Freq Band |
|---|---|---|
| Foxconn RPQN-7801E | 4T4R | 3.7GHz - 3.8GHz (indoors) |
| Fujitsu TA08029-B059 | 4T4R | 3.6GHz - 3.7GHz |
| Foxconn RP0N-7800 | 4T4R | 3.7GHz - 3.8GHz (outdoors) |
| Foxconn RPQN-4800E | 4T4R | CBRS 3.55GHz - 3.7GHz, (indoors) |
Aerial CUDA-Accelerated RAN Overall UE Ecosystem
UE |
Configuration |
|---|---|
| Camera FourFaith Camera F-SC241-216-5G | SU-MIMO 4DL, 1UL |
| Camera FourFaith Camera F-SC241-216-5G (EU) | SU-MIMO 4DL, 2UL |
| CUE OnePlus Nord 5G AC2003 EU/UK Model | SU-MIMO 4DL, 1UL |
| CUE Oppo Reno 5G | SU-MIMO 4DL, 1UL |
| CUE Samsung S22 | SU-MIMO 4DL, 1UL |
| CUE Samsung S23 | SU-MIMO 4DL, 1UL |
| CUE Xiaomi 13 pro | SU-MIMO 4DL, 2UL |
| CUE Google Pixel 8 | SU-MIMO 4DL, 1UL |
| Programmable UE NI X410 with OAI stack | SU-MIMO 4DL, 1UL |
5G Infrastructure Integration
5G RAN Integration
Function |
Features |
Supported |
|---|---|---|
| gNB | Baseband functions for
|
Y |
| O-RU | Radio functions to convert digital information into signals that can be transmitted wirelessly, ensuring that the transmitted signals are in the right frequency bands and have the correct power levels. Includes antennas which radiate the electrical signals into radio waves | Y |
| UE | End user devices such as smartphones, routers, tablets, HMDs, CPEs | Y |
5G Mobile Core (NGC) integration
Function |
Features |
Supported |
|---|---|---|
| AMF Core Access and Mobility Management Function | Connection and reachability management, mobility management, access authentication and authorization, location services | Y |
| SMF Session Management Function | UE session, including IP address allocation, selection of associated UP function, control aspects of QoS, and control aspects of UP routing. | Y |
| PCF Policy Control Function | Manage policy rules that other CP functions then enforce. | Y |
| UDM Unified Data Management | Manage user identity, including generation of authentication credentials. | Y |
| AUSF Authentication Server Function | Essentially an authentication server | Y |
| UDR Unified Data Repository | Repository of subscriber information that can be used by other microservies. For example UDM | Y |
| NCHF New Charging Function | Cover all the network’s needs of charging and interaction with billing systems | Y |
| CP - SDSF Structured Data Storage | “Helper” service used to store structured data. | Y |
| CP - UDSF Unstructured Data Storage | “helper” service used to store unstructured data. | Y |
| CP - NEF Network Exposure Function | Expose select capabilities to third-party services, including translation between internal and external representations for data. Could be implemented by an “API Server” in a microservices-based system. | N |
| CP - NRF NF Repository Function | A means to discover available services. | N |
| CP - NSSF Network Slicing Selector Function | A means to select a Network Slice to serve a given UE. Network slices are essentially a way to partition network resources in order to differentiate service given to different users. | N |
| UP - UPF User Plane Function | Forwards traffic between RAN and the Internet. In addition to packet forwarding, it is responsible for policy enforcement, lawful intercept, traffic usage reporting, and QoS policing | Y |
5G NSE Overall Network Deployment Topologies
Topology |
Configuration |
Supported |
|---|---|---|
| On Prem Isolated Island | Co-located gNB + CN + MEC applications | Y |
| Colocated 5G infra with low latency MEC applications + centralized 5GC | MEC applications + gNB + UPF with centralized 5G CN (CUPS support - with SBA and to minimize latency in user plane) | N |
| Campus Distributed MEC applications (latency tolerant) | Campus Distributed MEC applications + colocated (gNB + UPF + CN) - (Non latency sensitive applications can be distributed and leverage an existing enterprise network data stream) | Y |
| CUPS Architecture Support | N |
Aerial E2E Reference BOM and Component Manifest
5G Infra Component |
HW and SW Revision Manifest |
Supported |
|---|---|---|
| gNB | SMC Grace Hopper MGX Serve with BF3 NIC | Y |
| Dell PowerEdge R750 Server with A100X | Y | |
| Altran L2+ | Y | |
| CN | Dell PowerEdge R750 Server | Y |
| Altran CN | Y | |
| FH Switch | Dell PowerSwitch S5248F-ON | Y |
| Adva switch FSP 150 XG400 | Y | |
| Spectrum switch SN3750X | Y | |
| Ciena switch 5164 | Y | |
| Cisco switch N9K-C93180YC-FX3S | Y | |
| GM | QULSAR Qg 2 Multi-Sync Gatway | Y |
| Cables | Dell C2G 1m LC-LC 50/125 Duplex Multimode OM4 Fiber Cable - Aqua - 3ft – Optical patch cable | Y |
| NVIDIA MCP1650-V01AE30 DAC Cable Ethernet 200GbE QSFP28 1.5m | Y | |
| NVIDIA MCP1600-C001E30N DAC Cable Ethernet 100GbE QSFP28 1m | Y | |
| Beyondtech 5m (16ft) LC UPC to LC UPC Duplex OM3 Multimode PVC (OFNR) 2.0mm Fiber Optic Patch Cable | Y | |
| CableCreation 3ft Cat5/Cat6 Ethernet Cables | Y | |
| PDUs | Tripp Lite 1.4kW Single-Phase Monitored PDU with LX Platform Interface, 120V Outlets (8 5-15R), 5-15P, 12ft Cord, 1U Rack-Mount, TAA | Y |
| Transceivers | Finisar SFP-to-RJ45 Transceiver | Y |
| Intel Ethernet SFP+SR Optics | Y | |
| Dell SFP28-25G-SR Transceiver | Y | |
| Ethernet Switch | Netgear ProSafe Plus JGS524E Rackmount | Y |